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Why do I need an architect?
An architect is required when a client is contemplating
the construction of any type of building. The architect is the
single professional that has the proper training and experience
to guide the client through the entire building process. One way
for the state to ensure the protection of health, safety and welfare
of their citizens is to require that all drawings are prepared
and stamped by a licensed architect.
How does the architect become competent in so many diverse areas?
An architect goes through a long period of training before they become
licensed. First, are five or six years of formal academic training in courses covering all aspects of the design
and building process. Second, they must have at least three years
of experience working under the direct supervision of a licensed
architect. Third they must pass a rigid nine-part examination administered
by the state. Finally, they must develop a working knowledge of
the technical disciplines of multiple consultants in order to coordinate
their efforts.
How do I find the right architect?
The selection of the architect is probably the most
crucial decision you will make in the entire building process.
The individual chemistry between the client and the architect is
very important and should receive all the time and effort needed.
Allow sufficient time to interview several architects to find the
architect with whom you can really communicate.
How can I prepare for the interview?
The interview can take place either in the architect’s
office or in your office or home. At that time the architect will
give a graphic presentation to show their experience in related
projects similar to your own. This is the opportunity to ask questions
you may have such as: What is the architects’ experience
with your type of project? What is the size of the firm? Who will
be the project architect for your project? Once you have narrowed
the list for consideration, ask to see at least one completed project.
Ask what the original program was and how they went about solving
the problems. See if you agree with their analysis. Talk to the
owner and get their opinion on the work done, completion timeline,
and if the budget was met.
How can I benefit from the firm size?
Each size firm has its merits. Larger firms usually
have a wider range of services and have a larger pool of manpower.
They most often are in the best position to handle larger, more
complex projects. The smaller firm may have the younger, fresher
approach and will make up for their lack of size with eagerness
and effort. Larger firms have different people working on the project.
Most often the person making the presentation will not be the architect
in charge of your project, and while the capabilities of the entire
firm are available to your project, the particular individual who
will work with you is the most important. With a smaller firm the
principal architect has more involvement. Instead of having to
work with many people you will only be working with one or two.
What is required from the client?
To develop the most beneficial project, it is important
to organize your thinking in advance. Document your vision by developing
a program list of all the goals and objectives, spaces and rooms
that you require. This will give the architect a starting point
for the initial design. It’s important that you discuss your
budget and time frame. It is essential that you stay open minded
throughout the design process as the architect is interested in
your requirements but is not set on fixed solutions or a specific
design but will contribute his or her own innovative ideas and
solutions based on experience. In addition to the program, it is
expected that the client will provide a certified land survey and
information about soil conditions of your property. If you don’t
have this information the architect can help you obtain it. Lastly,
be prepared to spend a lot of time in discussions, reviews, and
site visits. The more communication, the better the end result
will be.
What does the architect do?
There are five main phases in the design and construction
process. Each phase has a variety of duties for the architect.
First, the architect creates a Schematic Design following the program.
Next is Design Development including checks for building code and
ordinance compliance and coordination of various engineering and
special consultant disciplines. Completion of the Construction
Drawings and specifications is the third phase. Fourth is assistance
with Project Pricing through competitive bidding or negotiation
with qualified general contractors. Finally, the Architect assures
that the actual construction complies with the requirements of
the construction documents with regular visit to the project site.
How does the Architect create a Schematic Design?
The analysis begins with the program planning. The
Architect analyzes the building functions and required interspacial
relationships, site location and appropriate area for access and
construction. He or she works with financial parameters and limitations,
time schedules, code analysis and any special requirements requested
by the client.
When does the documentation of the design begin?
The documentation begins with the start of the schematic
design. The process includes a preliminary site plan indicating
building size, location, parking and topography. The preliminary
building plan includes a study of circulation, space uses, size
and service areas. The aesthetic of the building is developed considering
potential interesting views, architectural style, and preliminary
materials and colors selection. The systems analysis also begins
at this phase with the engineering and special consultants collecting
data and formulating concepts. An initial cost estimate is usually
provided at this time.
When do the construction documents begin?
Once the design is finalized construction documents
are begun. The drawings and specifications are completed adding
layers of detail. This is when the architect, structural engineer,
mechanical and electrical engineers, civil engineer, landscape
architect and interior designer coordinate to create the highest
quality drawings to properly instruct the contractor during construction.
How do I select the contractor?
The most common method of selecting a contractor
is through competitive bidding. After being prepared by the architect
with the assistance of the owner’s attorney, the bidding
documents consist of the Drawings and Specifications along with
the Invitation to Bid, Instructions to Bidders, and the Bid Form.
These documents are sent to the selected contractors, who, within
a given deadline, reply with sealed bids that include the total
price for building the project. The lowest responsible bidder is
usually then chosen for the project.
What does the architect do during construction?
The Architect's primary role at this point is to
act as the agent of the owner. The Architect visits the site periodically
to observe the progress and the quality of the contractor’s
work. They can determine when defective work must be replaced.
The Architect does not supervise the work but monitors for the
correct installation of the work in accordance with the drawings
and specifications, for completing the work on time and within
the contract price. The Architect also reviews shop drawing submittals
and reviews all payment requests.
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